- NAME
- Tk_ParseArgv - process command-line options
- SYNOPSIS
- ARGUMENTS
- DESCRIPTION
- TK_ARGV_END
- TK_ARGV_CONSTANT
- TK_ARGV_INT
- TK_ARGV_FLOAT
- TK_ARGV_STRING
- TK_ARGV_UID
- TK_ARGV_CONST_OPTION
- TK_ARGV_OPTION_VALUE
- TK_ARGV_OPTION_NAME_VALUE
- TK_ARGV_HELP
- TK_ARGV_REST
- TK_ARGV_FUNC
- TK_ARGV_GENFUNC
- FLAGS
- TK_ARGV_DONT_SKIP_FIRST_ARG
- TK_ARGV_NO_ABBREV
- TK_ARGV_NO_LEFTOVERS
- TK_ARGV_NO_DEFAULTS
- EXAMPLE
- KEYWORDS
Tk_ParseArgv - process command-line options
#include <tk.h>
int
Tk_ParseArgv(interp, tkwin, argcPtr, argv, argTable, flags)
- Tcl_Interp *interp (in)
-
Interpreter to use for returning error messages.
- Tk_Window tkwin (in)
-
Window to use when arguments specify Tk options. If NULL, then
no Tk options will be processed.
- int argcPtr (in/out)
-
Pointer to number of arguments in argv; gets modified to hold
number of unprocessed arguments that remain after the call.
- CONST char **argv (in/out)
-
Command line arguments passed to main program. Modified to
hold unprocessed arguments that remain after the call.
- Tk_ArgvInfo *argTable (in)
-
Array of argument descriptors, terminated by element with
type TK_ARGV_END.
- int flags (in)
-
If non-zero, then it specifies one or more flags that control the
parsing of arguments. Different flags may be OR'ed together.
The flags currently defined are TK_ARGV_DONT_SKIP_FIRST_ARG,
TK_ARGV_NO_ABBREV, TK_ARGV_NO_LEFTOVERS, and TK_ARGV_NO_DEFAULTS.
Tk_ParseArgv processes an array of command-line arguments according
to a table describing the kinds of arguments that are expected.
Each of the arguments in argv is processed in turn: if it matches
one of the entries in argTable, the argument is processed
according to that entry and discarded. The arguments that do not
match anything in argTable are copied down to the beginning
of argv (retaining their original order) and returned to
the caller. At the end of the call
Tk_ParseArgv sets *argcPtr to hold the number of
arguments that are left in argv, and argv[*argcPtr]
will hold the value NULL. Normally, Tk_ParseArgv
assumes that argv[0] is a command name, so it is treated like
an argument that doesn't match argTable and returned to the
caller; however, if the TK_ARGV_DONT_SKIP_FIRST_ARG bit is set in
flags then argv[0] will be processed just like the other
elements of argv.
Tk_ParseArgv normally returns the value TCL_OK. If an error
occurs while parsing the arguments, then TCL_ERROR is returned and
Tk_ParseArgv will leave an error message in interp->result
in the standard Tcl fashion. In
the event of an error return, *argvPtr will not have been
modified, but argv could have been partially modified. The
possible causes of errors are explained below.
The argTable array specifies the kinds of arguments that are
expected; each of its entries has the following structure:
typedef struct {
char *key;
int type;
char *src;
char *dst;
char *help;
} Tk_ArgvInfo;
The key field is a string such as ``-display'' or ``-bg''
that is compared with the values in argv. Type
indicates how to process an argument that matches key
(more on this below). Src and dst are additional
values used in processing the argument. Their exact usage
depends on type, but typically src indicates
a value and dst indicates where to store the
value. The char * declarations for src and dst
are placeholders: the actual types may be different. Lastly,
help is a string giving a brief description
of this option; this string is printed when users ask for help
about command-line options.
When processing an argument in argv, Tk_ParseArgv
compares the argument to each of the key's in argTable.
Tk_ParseArgv selects the first specifier whose key matches
the argument exactly, if such a specifier exists. Otherwise
Tk_ParseArgv selects a specifier for which the argument
is a unique abbreviation. If the argument is a unique abbreviation
for more than one specifier, then an error is returned. If there
is no matching entry in argTable, then the argument is
skipped and returned to the caller.
Once a matching argument specifier is found, Tk_ParseArgv
processes the argument according to the type field of the
specifier. The argument that matched key is called ``the matching
argument'' in the descriptions below. As part of the processing,
Tk_ParseArgv may also use the next argument in argv
after the matching argument, which is called ``the following
argument''. The legal values for type, and the processing
that they cause, are as follows:
- TK_ARGV_END
-
Marks the end of the table. The last entry in argTable
must have this type; all of its other fields are ignored and it
will never match any arguments.
- TK_ARGV_CONSTANT
-
Src is treated as an integer and dst is treated
as a pointer to an integer. Src is stored at *dst.
The matching argument is discarded.
- TK_ARGV_INT
-
The following argument must contain an
integer string in the format accepted by strtol (e.g. ``0''
and ``0x'' prefixes may be used to specify octal or hexadecimal
numbers, respectively). Dst is treated as a pointer to an
integer; the following argument is converted to an integer value
and stored at *dst. Src is ignored. The matching
and following arguments are discarded from argv.
- TK_ARGV_FLOAT
-
The following argument must contain a floating-point number in
the format accepted by strtol.
Dst is treated as the address of an double-precision
floating point value; the following argument is converted to a
double-precision value and stored at *dst. The matching
and following arguments are discarded from argv.
- TK_ARGV_STRING
-
In this form, dst is treated as a pointer to a (char *);
Tk_ParseArgv stores at *dst a pointer to the following
argument, and discards the matching and following arguments from
argv. Src is ignored.
- TK_ARGV_UID
-
This form is similar to TK_ARGV_STRING, except that the argument
is turned into a Tk_Uid by calling Tk_GetUid.
Dst is treated as a pointer to a
Tk_Uid; Tk_ParseArgv stores at *dst the Tk_Uid
corresponding to the following
argument, and discards the matching and following arguments from
argv. Src is ignored.
- TK_ARGV_CONST_OPTION
-
This form causes a Tk option to be set (as if the option
command had been invoked). The src field is treated as a
pointer to a string giving the value of an option, and dst
is treated as a pointer to the name of the option. The matching
argument is discarded. If tkwin is NULL, then argument
specifiers of this type are ignored (as if they did not exist).
- TK_ARGV_OPTION_VALUE
-
This form is similar to TK_ARGV_CONST_OPTION, except that the
value of the option is taken from the following argument instead
of from src. Dst is used as the name of the option.
Src is ignored. The matching and following arguments
are discarded. If tkwin is NULL, then argument
specifiers of this type are ignored (as if they did not exist).
- TK_ARGV_OPTION_NAME_VALUE
-
In this case the following argument is taken as the name of a Tk
option and the argument after that is taken as the value for that
option. Both src and dst are ignored. All three
arguments are discarded from argv. If tkwin is NULL,
then argument
specifiers of this type are ignored (as if they did not exist).
- TK_ARGV_HELP
-
When this kind of option is encountered, Tk_ParseArgv uses the
help fields of argTable to format a message describing
all the valid arguments. The message is placed in interp->result
and Tk_ParseArgv returns TCL_ERROR. When this happens, the
caller normally prints the help message and aborts. If the key
field of a TK_ARGV_HELP specifier is NULL, then the specifier will
never match any arguments; in this case the specifier simply provides
extra documentation, which will be included when some other
TK_ARGV_HELP entry causes help information to be returned.
- TK_ARGV_REST
-
This option is used by programs or commands that allow the last
several of their options to be the name and/or options for some
other program. If a TK_ARGV_REST argument is found, then
Tk_ParseArgv doesn't process any
of the remaining arguments; it returns them all at
the beginning of argv (along with any other unprocessed arguments).
In addition, Tk_ParseArgv treats dst as the address of an
integer value, and stores at *dst the index of the first of the
TK_ARGV_REST options in the returned argv. This allows the
program to distinguish the TK_ARGV_REST options from other
unprocessed options that preceded the TK_ARGV_REST.
- TK_ARGV_FUNC
-
For this kind of argument, src is treated as the address of
a procedure, which is invoked to process the following argument.
The procedure should have the following structure:
int
func(dst, key, nextArg)
char *dst;
char *key;
char *nextArg;
{
}
The dst and key parameters will contain the
corresponding fields from the argTable entry, and
nextArg will point to the following argument from argv
(or NULL if there aren't any more arguments left in argv).
If func uses nextArg (so that
Tk_ParseArgv should discard it), then it should return 1. Otherwise it
should return 0 and TkParseArgv will process the following
argument in the normal fashion. In either event the matching argument
is discarded.
- TK_ARGV_GENFUNC
-
This form provides a more general procedural escape. It treats
src as the address of a procedure, and passes that procedure
all of the remaining arguments. The procedure should have the following
form:
int
genfunc(dst, interp, key, argc, argv)
char *dst;
Tcl_Interp *interp;
char *key;
int argc;
char **argv;
{
}
The dst and key parameters will contain the
corresponding fields from the argTable entry. Interp
will be the same as the interp argument to Tcl_ParseArgv.
Argc and argv refer to all of the options after the
matching one. Genfunc should behave in a fashion similar
to Tk_ParseArgv: parse as many of the remaining arguments as it can,
then return any that are left by compacting them to the beginning of
argv (starting at argv[0]). Genfunc
should return a count of how many arguments are left in argv;
Tk_ParseArgv will process them. If genfunc encounters
an error then it should leave an error message in interp->result,
in the usual Tcl fashion, and return -1; when this happens
Tk_ParseArgv will abort its processing and return TCL_ERROR.
- TK_ARGV_DONT_SKIP_FIRST_ARG
-
Tk_ParseArgv normally treats argv[0] as a program
or command name, and returns it to the caller just as if it
hadn't matched argTable. If this flag is given, then
argv[0] is not given special treatment.
- TK_ARGV_NO_ABBREV
-
Normally, Tk_ParseArgv accepts unique abbreviations for
key values in argTable. If this flag is given then
only exact matches will be acceptable.
- TK_ARGV_NO_LEFTOVERS
-
Normally, Tk_ParseArgv returns unrecognized arguments to the
caller. If this bit is set in flags then Tk_ParseArgv
will return an error if it encounters any argument that doesn't
match argTable. The only exception to this rule is argv[0],
which will be returned to the caller with no errors as
long as TK_ARGV_DONT_SKIP_FIRST_ARG isn't specified.
- TK_ARGV_NO_DEFAULTS
-
Normally, Tk_ParseArgv searches an internal table of
standard argument specifiers in addition to argTable. If
this bit is set in flags, then Tk_ParseArgv will
use only argTable and not its default table.
Here is an example definition of an argTable and
some sample command lines that use the options. Note the effect
on argc and argv; arguments processed by Tk_ParseArgv
are eliminated from argv, and argc
is updated to reflect reduced number of arguments.
/*
* Define and set default values for globals.
*/
int debugFlag = 0;
int numReps = 100;
char defaultFileName[] = "out";
char *fileName = defaultFileName;
Boolean exec = FALSE;
/*
* Define option descriptions.
*/
Tk_ArgvInfo argTable[] = {
{"-X", TK_ARGV_CONSTANT, (char *) 1, (char *) &debugFlag,
"Turn on debugging printfs"},
{"-N", TK_ARGV_INT, (char *) NULL, (char *) &numReps,
"Number of repetitions"},
{"-of", TK_ARGV_STRING, (char *) NULL, (char *) &fileName,
"Name of file for output"},
{"x", TK_ARGV_REST, (char *) NULL, (char *) &exec,
"File to exec, followed by any arguments (must be last argument)."},
{(char *) NULL, TK_ARGV_END, (char *) NULL, (char *) NULL,
(char *) NULL}
};
main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
...
if (Tk_ParseArgv(interp, tkwin, &argc, argv, argTable, 0) != TCL_OK) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", interp->result);
exit(1);
}
/*
* Remainder of the program.
*/
}
Note that default values can be assigned to variables named in
argTable: the variables will only be overwritten if the
particular arguments are present in argv.
Here are some example command lines and their effects.
prog -N 200 infile # just sets the numReps variable to 200
prog -of out200 infile # sets fileName to reference "out200"
prog -XN 10 infile # sets the debug flag, also sets numReps
In all of the above examples, argc will be set by Tk_ParseArgv to 2,
argv[0] will be ``prog'', argv[1] will be ``infile'',
and argv[2] will be NULL.
arguments, command line, options
Copyright © 1990-1992 The Regents of the University of California.
Copyright © 1994-1996 Sun Microsystems, Inc.
Copyright © 1995-1997 Roger E. Critchlow Jr.